107 articles - From Saturday Feb 12 2022 to Friday Feb 18 2022
Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Systematic review and meta-analysis: incidence and factors for progression to advanced neoplasia in inflammatory bowel disease patients with indefinite and low-grade dysplasia. The incidence of advanced neoplasia was similar between IND and LGD in IBD patients, as high as one in ten, so more rigorous surveillance is also suggested in IND patients. Since the effects of most factors were derived from the pooled results of only two to three studies, further research was needed to confirm our results. |
Systematic review: development of a consensus code set to identify cirrhosis in electronic health records. There is variation in code sets used to identify cirrhosis in contemporary research practice. A consensus set has been developed and validated, showing improved performance, and is proposed to align EHR study designs in cirrhosis to facilitate international collaboration and comparisons. |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
Risk of metachronous colorectal advanced neoplasia and cancer in patients with 3-4 non-advanced adenomas at index colonoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Although the risk of metachronous AN was greater in the 3-4 NAAs group than in the 1-2 NAAs group, the risk of metachronous AN and CRC between the 3-4 NAAs and = 5 NAAs groups was not different. This suggests that further studies on metachronous AN and CRC risk in the 3-4 NAAs group are warranted to confirm a firm =5-year interval surveillance colonoscopy. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
A systematic review and meta-analysis of dietary interventions modulating gut microbiota and cardiometabolic diseases - striving for new standards in microbiome studies. Dietary interventions modulate GM composition, blood pressure and circulating triglycerides. However, current studies have a high methodological heterogeneity and risk of bias. Well-designed and controlled studies are thus necessary to better understand the complex interaction between diet, microbiome and CMD. Prospero CRD42020188405. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Association between ultrasound quality and test performance for HCC surveillance in patients with cirrhosis: a retrospective cohort study. Impaired ultrasound visualisation is associated with worse surveillance test performance. Alternative blood-based biomarkers and imaging strategies are needed for patients at risk for ultrasound-based surveillance failure. |
Gut-brain axis dysfunction underlies FODMAP-induced symptom generation in irritable bowel syndrome. Fructans increase small bowel motility and colon gas and volume similarly in IBS patients and HC. Increased symptom responses to fructans in IBS covary with altered brain responses in pain-related regions, indicating that gut-brain axis dysregulation may drive FODMAP-induced symptom generation in IBS. |
Resolution of dominant patient-reported outcome at end of induction predicts clinical and endoscopic remission in Crohn's disease. Post-induction resolution of dominant PRO, but not clinical or PRO2 response, was strongly associated with 1-year endoscopic and clinical remission. Resolution of dominant baseline PRO after induction therapy may be informative for 1-year outcomes. Further validation is required. |
| Am J Clin Nutr |
Bone mineral density in response to increased energy intake in exercising women with oligo/amenorrhea: The REFUEL randomized controlled trial. Although higher dietary energy intake increased weight, body fat and menstrual frequency, bone mineral density was not improved, compared to the control group. The 12-month intervention may have been too short and the increase in energy intake (~352 kcal/day), while sufficient to increase menstrual frequency, was insufficient to increase estrogen or improve aBMD. Future research should refine the optimal nutritional and/or pharmacological intervention(s) for the recovery of bone health in athletes and exercising women with oligo/amenorrhea. Clinical Trial Registry Number NCT00392873 |
Food loss of perishable produce from farm to retail: evidence from tomato supply chains in South India. Single-point estimates may obscure FLW patterns for perishable indeterminate crops and depend on data collection and estimation methods. Reducing FLW of perishables requires integration of quantitative and qualitative FLW estimation methods. |
Hypnosis reduces food impulsivity in patients with obesity and high levels of disinhibition: HYPNODIET randomized controlled clinical trial. In the management of adults with obesity and high disinhibition score, hypnosis and self-hypnosis can significantly improve the deep mechanisms of eating behaviors and seems to have a beneficial effect on weight loss. Clinical Trial Registry |
Malaria reduction drove childhood stunting decline in Uganda: a mixed-methods country case study. Uganda's success in stunting reduction was multi-factorial, but driven largely through indirect nutrition strategies delivered outside of health. To further improve stunting, it will be critical to prioritize malaria-control strategies, including ITN distribution campaigns and prevention/treatment approaches for mothers and children, and deliberately target the poor, least educated and rural populations along with high-burden northern and western districts. |
Orally consumed ginger and human health: an umbrella review. Dietary consumption of ginger appears safe and may exert beneficial effects on human health and wellbeing, with greatest confidence in antiemetic effects in pregnant women, analgesic effects in osteoarthritis, and glycemic control. Future randomized controlled and dose-dependent trials with adequate sample sizes and standardized ginger products are warranted to better inform and standardize routine clinical prescription. Registration International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) ID CRD42020197925. |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
Evolutionary medicine perspectives: H. pylori, lactose intolerance, and three hypotheses for functional and inflammatory gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders. 2) The thrifty gene hypothesis proposes genetic adaptation to feast-famine cycles among Pleistocene migrants to America that is mismatched with Indigenous Americans' current diet and physical activity, predisposing them to obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, gallstones and their complications. 3) The hygiene hypothesis proposes alteration of the gut microbiome, with which humans have coevolved, in allergic and autoimmune disease pathogenesis; for example, association of microbiome-altering proton pump inhibitor use with pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis, early life gastrointestinal infection with celiac disease, and infant antibiotic use and an economically advanced environment with inflammatory bowel disease. Evolutionary perspectives broaden physicians' understanding of disease processes, improve care, and stimulate research. |
Urgency and its association with quality of life and clinical outcomes in ulcerative colitis patients. We demonstrated that urgency is a patient reported outcome (PRO) independently associated with compromised QoL and future risk of hospitalizations, corticosteroids, and colectomy. Our findings support the consideration of urgency as a UC-specific PRO and its use as an outcome in clinical trials to capture QoL and risk of clinical decompensation. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Responsiveness of Magnetic Resonance Enterography Indices for Evaluation of Luminal Disease Activity in Crohn's Disease. Evaluated MRE indices showed moderate-to-large responsiveness and are suitable for use in clinical trials. The simplified MaRIA may be preferred due to its responsiveness and nonreliance on gadolinium administration. |
Statin Use and Reduced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Our study provides strong evidence for the association between statin initiation and reduced risk of HCC development in NAFLD patients. These findings imply that statin can be used as a protective medication for NAFLD patients to reduce the risk of HCC. |
| Endoscopy |
Effect of prophylactic endoscopic clipping for prevention of delayed bleeding after endoscopic papillectomy for ampullary neoplasm: a multicenter randomized trial. The incidence of delayed bleeding was nonsignificantly higher in the no-clipping group than in the clipping group (31.6 |
Risk factors and long-term course of gastroesophageal reflux disease after peroral endoscopic myotomy: A large-scale multicenter cohort study in Japan. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were more effective for reflux esophagitis at 5-year follow-up ( |
The influence of computer-aided polyp detection systems on reaction time for polyp detection and eye gaze. This work confirms that CADe systems detect polyps faster than humans. In addition, they led to increased misinterpretations of normal mucosa and decreased eye travel distance. Possible consequences of these findings might be prolonged examination time and deskilling. |
| Gastroenterology |
Mucosal serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT) expression in IBS is modulated by gut microbiota via mast cell-prostaglandin E2. Fecal LPS acting in concert with trypsin in IBS-D patients, stimulates mucosal mast cells to release PGE2, which downregulates mucosal SERT, resulting in increased mucosal 5-HT. This may contribute to diarrhea and abdominal pain common in IBS. |
Optimizing Therapies Using Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Current Strategies and Future Perspectives. Optimal drug concentrations in IBD vary according to treatment target, disease phenotype, inflammatory burden and timing of sampling during the treatment cycle. This review provides an update on TDM with biologic and oral small-molecules, evaluates the role of reactive versus proactive TDM and identifies the gaps in current evidence. In the future, adaptations to how we use TDM may contribute further to the goal of personalized treatment in patients with IBD. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Comparison of 22G Standard and Franseen Needles in Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Tissue Acquisition for Diagnosing Solid Pancreatic Lesions: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. EUS-TA with the Franseen needle is superior to EUS-TA with a standard needle with respect to diagnostic accuracy per pass, particularly in patients who require immunostaining, and number of passes when using macroscopic on-site evaluation. (Japan Registry of Clinical Trials; jRCTs052180062). |
Derivation and validation of Re.Co.De death score risk in acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding patients. The Re.Co.De score has a higher performance for predicting mortality in UGIB patients, compared to other scores, correctly identifying patients at low and high death risk while in wards through a dynamic re-evaluation of clinical status. |
Setting up a regional expert panel for complex colorectal polyps. Our study shows that implementation and consultation of a regional expert panel can be a valuable tool for endoscopists to guide and optimize treatment of complex colorectal polyps and facilitate interhospital referrals in a regional network. |
| Gut |
Cultivated human intestinal fungus Candida metapsilosis M2006B attenuates colitis by secreting acyclic sesquiterpenoids as FXR agonists. Results The abundance of M2006B significantly attenuated colitis in mice and identified two acyclic sesquiterpenoids (F4 and F5) as major active metabolites of M2006B. Notably, these metabolites were able to effectively treat experimental colitis by selectively activating FXR. Together, this study demonstrates that M2006B could be a beneficial intestinal fungus for treating and preventing IBD. |
EUS versus MRCP to perform ERCP in patients with intermediate likelihood of choledocholithiasis: a randomised controlled trial. The performance parameters of both EUS and MRCP are comparable for detecting choledocholithiasis in the intermediate-risk group of choledocholithiasis and the choice of a test should be based on local expertise, availability of resources and patient preference. |
Oral famotidine versus placebo in non-hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, data-intense, phase 2 clinical trial. Famotidine was safe and well tolerated in outpatients with mild to moderate COVID-19. Famotidine led to earlier resolution of symptoms and inflammation without reducing anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity. Additional randomised trials are required. |
PD-L1 blockade liberates intrinsic antitumourigenic properties of glycolytic macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma. Selectively modulating the 'context' of glycolytic macrophages in HCC tumours might restore their antitumourigenic properties and provide a precise strategy for anticancer therapy. |
PICaSSO Histologic Remission Index (PHRI) in ulcerative colitis: development of a novel simplified histological score for monitoring mucosal healing and predicting clinical outcomes and its applicability in an artificial intelligence system. PHRI is a simple histological index in UC, and it exhibits the highest correlation with endoscopic activity and clinical outcomes. A PHRI-based AI system was accurate in predicting histological remission. |
| Hepatology |
FGF4 protects the liver from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by activating the AMPK-Caspase 6 signal axis. By contrast, pharmacological administration of recombinant FGF4 (rFGF4) mitigates hepatic steatosis, inflammation, liver damage, and fibrogenic markers in mouse livers induced to develop NAFLD and NASH under dietary challenges. Such beneficial effects of FGF4 are mediated predominantly by activating hepatic FGFR4, which activates a downstream Ca 2+ -CaMKKß-dependent AMPK-Caspase 6 signal axis, leading to enhanced fatty acid oxidation, reduced hepatocellular apoptosis, and mitigation of liver damage. In conclusion, our study identifies FGF4 as a novel stress-responsive regulator of liver pathophysiology that acts through an FGFR4-AMPK-Caspase 6 signal pathway, shedding lights on novel strategies for treating NAFLD and associated liver pathologies. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
Food-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents With Crohn's Disease. FRQoL is impaired in children with CD. Healthy siblings also have poorer FRQoL than control subjects. Several clinical factors are associated with poorer FRQoL in children with CD including age and level of nutritional risk (weight, height, and body mass index). Further research is required validate these findings and to develop strategies for the prevention or treatment of impaired FRQoL in children with CD. |
Sarcopenia Is More Prevalent Among Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Undergoing Surgery and Predicts Progression to Surgery Among Medically Treated Patients. Sarcopenia is more prevalent among IBD patients undergoing surgery and predicts the need for surgery in patients starting new biologic therapy. Low albumin and BMI were similar between cohorts, suggesting a unique role for sarcopenia as a relevant clinical marker of lean muscle mass depletion for surgically and medically treated IBD patients. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Markers of systemic inflammation in acute attacks of ulcerative colitis: What level of C-reactive protein constitutes severe colitis? The proposed CRP=12mg/L cut off is an inclusive, sensitive and very practical alternative to ESR as part of the TWC for defining UC presentation severity. It demonstrated similar performance characteristics to the classical ESR criterion when used for the assessment of acute UC disease activity. These findings were confirmed in a validation cohort. |
Tailoring multi-omics to inflammatory bowel diseases: all for one and one for all. We also outline the various technical and non-technical factors that influence the utility and interpretability of multi -omic datasets and thereby the study design of any research project generating such datasets. Co-ordinated generation of multi-omic datasets and their systemic integration with clinical phenotypes and environmental exposures will not only enhance understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of IBD but also improve therapeutic strategies. Finally, we provide recommendations to enable and facilitate generation of multi -omic datasets. |
Viral enteric infections in acute severe ulcerative colitis. Infection with viral enteropathogens was common in our acute severe ulcerative colitis cohort, but did not appear to affect disease severity at presentation, the need for rescue therapy, or the success rate of rescue therapy. |
| J Hepatol |
Cholangiocarcinoma landscape in Europe: diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic insights from the ENSCCA Registry. CCA is still diagnosed at advanced stage, a proportion of patients fail to receive cancer-specific therapies, and prognosis is dismal. Identification of preventable risk factors and implementation of surveillance in high-risk populations are required to decrease cancer-related mortality. |
Duration and cost-effectiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in hepatitis C patients after viral eradication. Biannual surveillance for HCC in virologically-cured hepatitis C patients is cost-effective until the age of 70 for cirrhosis patients, and until the age of 60 for patients with stable advanced fibrosis. |
End-of-treatment HBcrAg and HBsAb levels identify durable functional cure after Peg-IFN-based therapy in patients with CHB. This model can be used to identify patients likely to achieve a durable functional cure post Peg-IFN-based treatment. CLINICALTRIALS. Gov identifier NCT02327416. |
Inhibition of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1A in hepatic stellate cells protects against fibrosis. These results indicate that CPT1A plays a critical role in activation of HSCs and is implicated in the development of liver fibrosis, making it a potentially actionable target for fibrosis treatment. |
Orthohepevirus C infection as an emerging cause of acute hepatitis in Spain: first report in Europe. We described three cases of Orthohepevirus C in patients with acute hepatitis, resulting in the first description of this infection in Europe. The prevalence obtained in our study suggests that Orthohepevirus C can be an emerging disease in Europe. |
PARG inhibition limits HCC progression and potentiates the efficacy of immune checkpoint therapy. PARG can act as an oncogene in HCC by modulating PARG/DDB1/c-Myc signaling and could be used as a biomarker to identify patients with HCC who may benefit from anti-PD-1 treatment. Our findings suggest that coinhibition of PARG and PD-1 is an effective novel combination strategy for HCC patients. |
| Liver Transpl |
Assessment of HLA matching algorithm PIRCHE-II on liver transplantation outcomes. The absence of associations between PIRCHE-II and HLAMatchmaker scores and the studied outcomes refutes the need for HLA matching for liver (stem cell) transplantations for non-autoimmune disease. For autoimmune disease, the activated immune system seems to increase risks of acute rejection and graft loss. Our results may suggest benefits of transplanting with rhesus matched but PIRCHE-II mismatched donor livers. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Standardized system and App for continuous patient symptom logging in gastroduodenal disorders: Design, implementation, and validation. The continuous patient symptom-logging App demonstrated robust convergent, concurrent, face, and content validity when used within a 4-h post-prandial test protocol. The App will enable standardized symptom reporting and is anticipated to provide utility in both research and clinical practice. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Review: emerging drug therapies in inflammatory bowel disease. Several new IBD drug therapies have positive efficacy and safety data in early clinical trials, and there are several drugs in the therapeutic pipeline. As more treatments for CD and UC are approved for clinical use, research to assess predictors of response to therapy and head-to-head trials is needed to inform providers on how to best position therapeutic options for patients with IBD. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
Pattern Recognition Receptor Signaling and Cytokine Networks in Microbial Defenses and Regulation of Intestinal Barriers: Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. In this review, we focus on the role of pattern recognition receptors in the inflammatory response as well as epithelial barrier regulation. We explore cytokine networks that increase inflammation, and regulate paracellular permeability, cause epithelial damage, upregulate epithelial proliferation, and trigger restitutive processes. We focus on studies using patient samples as well as speculate on pathways that can be targeted to more holistically treat patients with IBD. |
| Hepatology |
Liver Zonation, Revisited. The concept of hepatocyte functional zonation is well established, with differences in metabolism and xenobiotic processing determined by multiple factors including oxygen and nutrient levels across the hepatic lobule. However, recent advances in single cell genomics technologies, including single cell and nuclei RNA sequencing, and the rapidly evolving fields of spatial transcriptomic and proteomic profiling have greatly increased our understanding of liver zonation. Here we discuss how these transformative experimental strategies are being leveraged to dissect liver zonation at unprecedented resolution, and how this new information should facilitate the emergence of novel precision medicine-based therapies for patients with liver disease. |
| J Hepatol |
Hepatic lymphatic vascular system in health and disease. Compared to other organs, the lymphatic system in the liver is understudied despite its obvious importance for hepatic physiology and pathophysiology. This review article presents basic knowledge of the hepatic lymphatic system and its role in a range of liver-related pathological conditions such as portal hypertension, ascites formation, malignant tumors, liver transplantation, congenital liver diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and hepatic encephalopathy. The article concludes with a discussion on the modulation of lymphangiogenesis as a potential therapeutic strategy for liver diseases. |
Metabolic dysfunction and cancer in HCV: shared pathways and mutual interactions. While DAA therapy effectively eradicates the virus, the long-lasting overlapping metabolic disease can persist, especially in presence of obesity, increasing the risk of liver disease progression. This review covers the mechanisms by which HCV tunes hepatic and systemic metabolism, highlighting how systemic metabolic disturbance, lipotoxicity and chronic inflammation favour disease progression as well as a precancerous niche to promote cancer development, and the role of HCV in these processes. We also highlight the therapeutic implications of sustained metabolic dysfunction in CHC post SVR as well as considerations for patients who develop HCC on the background of metabolic dysfunction. |
| Liver Transpl |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
| Hepatology |
| Liver Transpl |
all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |